Appendicitis is the most common of all serious intestinal disorders. It refers to an inflammation of the vermiform appendix. It presents itself in acute and chronic forms and affects both the sexes equally.
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Anal fissure refers to a tiny crack in the skin surrounding the anus, the excretory opening from the bowel. The irritation usually extends down to the muscle fibres. This ailment is quite common in infancy and early childhood and causes a great deal of concern to parents.
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Tonsillitis is an acute inflammation of the tonsils. Chronic tonsillitis refers to the condition in which there is enlargement of the tonsils accompanied by repeated attacks of infection.
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The common cold, also known as acute coryza, is an inflammation of upper respiratory tract. It is caused by infection with virus. It occurs in children more oftenthan all other diseases. A cold usually lasts from three to seven days. The patient feels imserable for the first three days or so.
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Cholera is a serious infection, involving the lower part of the small bowel. It is one of the most severe diseases of the intestines. It is a waterborne disease and is common during monsoon. The disease is predominant in children in endemic areas like India and other countries of South East and Mid East Asia. Its incidence is much higher in the age group between one and five years than in other age groups of children.
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Bronchitis means an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the bronchi and bronchial tube. It is a breathing disorder affecting the expiratory function. In most cases , some infection also occurs in the nose and throat.
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Tuberculosis is one of the most serious infectious diseases. It is a major health problem in India and often rated as the number one killer among the infectious diseases. The disease in children is known as primary tuberculosis and that in adults as postprimary.
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Asthma is the most troublesome of the respiratory disease. It is characerised by variable obstruction of the airpassage, resulting in wheezing. But by no means every ‘wheeze’ in childhood is asthma. Wheezy bronchitis, for instance, can be easily mistaken for asthma. Many children are prone to ‘wheezy’ bronchitis in the early years, but outgrow this as they mature.
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Croup is an inflammation of larynx, trachea and bronchi. It affects many infants and young children. In adults, the disease is called lalryngitis. As the larynx is situated in the narrowest part of the throat, it obstructs the breathing and the disease may prove very serious.
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Mumps or Parotitis is an acute communicable disease of viral origin. It is characterised by painful enlargement of the salivary glands and occassional involvement of the gonads, meninges, pancreas and other organs. This disease occurs more frequently in children between the ages of five and 15 years. It spreads from one child to another in schools. Babies are immune to this disease.
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